Abstract:

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a progressive vascular disorder characterised by reduced blood flow to the lower limbs due to atherosclerotic obstruction. The condition is closely associated with oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation. In India, particularly among Gujarati populations, unique dietary patterns—high in refined carbohydrates and fried foods but low in omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin B12—contribute to an increased risk of PAD and impaired vascular health.

This review highlights the synergistic role of nutrition and physiotherapy in managing PAD. Dietary modifications emphasising whole grains, legumes, green leafy vegetables, and antioxidant-rich foods such as turmeric, cumin, and amla can mitigate oxidative stress and improve endothelial function. Adequate intake of micronutrients like vitamins C, E, D, B12, magnesium, zinc, and selenium support vascular integrity and blood flow. Complementary physiotherapy interventions—especially supervised walking, aerobic, and resistance training—enhance peripheral circulation, muscle oxygenation, and functional mobility.

Combining dietary optimisation with physiotherapy offers a holistic, culturally relevant approach to PAD management, particularly in Gujarati communities. Integrating antioxidant-rich diets with structured exercise programs can significantly improve walking distance, ankle-brachial index, and overall quality of life in patients with PAD.

Keywords:

Peripheral arterial disease, oxidative stress, micronutrients, antioxidants, Gujarati diet, physiotherapy, endothelial function

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