Abstract:

Whether disasters are natural or manmade, they present enormous issues to our lives, properties, and earth; thus, we indeed require formidable strategies for dealing with them. By playing a game-changer role in how we handle disasters, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have provided us with some of the most important information we need to know about catastrophes, in the form of key maps, to get prepared, to issue an early warning, to respond swiftly, to fix the damage and to ensure that further trouble does not arise in the future. GIS draws information in a collection of locations: aerial and ground sensor networks, statistics about the population involve the ability to see the potential point of danger, calculate who is most vulnerable, and determine the help location. During the preparation, GIS can map hazardous areas, identify strategic resources such as hospitals and schools, and map exit routes. On the arrival of the disaster, it maintains the system of alarms, monitors the ongoing threats, and facilitates the supply of aid. The GIS is used to gauge the damage and organise reconstructions and shorter-term safety measures in the aftermath of the commotion. The cases of Hurricane Katrina, the Indian Ocean Tsunami, and Covid -19 pandemic indicate the versatility and utility of GIS in any type of disaster. Nevertheless, it has drawbacks: it is expensive, the information is not always ideal, and trained specialists are required. Nevertheless, it is even better with the advancement of science in the field of technology, AI, IoT, drones, and mobile GIS. Ultimately, GIS can pivot baffling map information into vivid insights, assist us in making brilliant decisions, and strengthen groups of people.

Keywords:

Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Disaster Management, Early Warning Systems, Risk Assessment, Emergency Response, Mitigation, Spatial Analysis, Resilience

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