International Journal of Contemporary Research in Multidisciplinary

Abstract:

Bioethanol is an appealing biofuel due to its potential to enhance energy security and promote environmental sustainability when compared to fossil fuels. A wide range of biomass resources has been explored for bioethanol production, which can generally be classified into three categories: sugars, starch, and lingo cellulosic biomass. However, the conversion of biomass into ethanol can vary significantly based on the nature of the feedstock, primarily due to differences in their biochemical composition. As a result, only a limited number of feedstocks have been commercially exploited. In recent years, the conversion process of biomass has advanced substantially, although many of these innovations have not yet been fully implemented in commercial-scale facilities. The key steps in the conversion process—especially the fermentation of sugars, a common step across all types of biomasses—are heavily influenced by the microorganisms used. These microorganisms play a crucial role in determining the efficiency and yield of bioethanol production. The growing demand for renewable energy has led to the exploration of bioethanol as a potential alternative to fossil fuels. One of the promising sources for bioethanol production is organic waste, which offers an opportunity for both waste management and energy generation. This paper reviews the production of bioethanol from various organic waste materials, including agricultural residues, food waste, and municipal solid waste. The process of bioethanol production through fermentation, utilizing lingo cellulosic biomass, and the role of microorganisms are discussed. The paper also addresses the environmental, economic, and social impacts of using organic waste as a feedstock for bioethanol, emphasizing the potential for sustainable, low-carbon energy production.

Keywords:

Bioethanol, Organic waste, Renewable energy, Fermentation, Lignocellulose biomass, Waste-to-energy, Sustainability, Green energy

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