Abstract:

Urbanization has emerged as one of the most significant drivers of environmental transformation in the twenty-first century. India, experiencing rapid urban growth due to industrialization, population increase, and economic development, faces mounting environmental challenges that contribute to climate change. The expansion of urban areas has resulted in the conversion of agricultural and forest lands, increased greenhouse gas emissions, urban heat island effects, air and water pollution, and depletion of natural resources. This study examines the relationship between urbanization and climate change in India, focusing on the environmental consequences of urban expansion. Using secondary data from government reports, scholarly articles, and international organizations, the study analyzes the impact of urban growth on climatic conditions and ecological sustainability. The findings reveal that unplanned urbanization exacerbates environmental degradation and increases climate vulnerability. The study emphasizes the need for sustainable urban planning, green infrastructure, and climate-resilient development strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of urbanization and promote environmental sustainability.

Keywords:

Urbanisation, Climate Change, Environmental Degradation, Urban Heat Island, Sustainable Development, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, India.

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