Abstract:

The present study investigates the microlithic assemblage discovered at Brihaspati Kund, located on the border of Satna–Panna district in Madhya Pradesh, Central India. The site lies within the Vindhyan geological formation and is characterised by sedimentary rocks, river valleys, and diverse ecological conditions that were favourable for prehistoric human occupation. Systematic field surveys conducted in 2022 revealed a rich concentration of lithic artefacts, including flakes, cores, bladelets, microblades, scrapers, points, and debitage, recovered primarily from surface contexts over an area of approximately 21 hectares. A total of 808 stone artefacts were analysed using standard typological and morphometric approaches. The assemblage shows dominance of chert as the primary raw material, followed by quartz and agate, indicating selective material procurement based on tool efficiency and durability. Preservation analysis suggests that a majority of artefacts are in fresh condition, supporting the interpretation of the site as a primary lithic production and reduction locale rather than a secondary depositional context. Technological evidence indicates the use of both direct percussion and pressure flaking techniques, along with evidence of core reduction strategies and hafting practices. The presence of diverse tool types reflects a complex behavioural adaptation of Mesolithic hunter-gatherer groups. The study contributes to understanding prehistoric settlement patterns, lithic technology, and resource utilization in Central India during the Mesolithic period.

Keywords:

Brihaspati Kund, acrolithic Assemblage, Lithic Technology, Mesolithic Archaeology, Central India Prehistory.

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