The doctrine of miasms—Psora, Sycosis, and Syphilis—has occupied a defining place in Homoeopathic thought since its introduction by Samuel Hahnemann in the 19th century. Although the concept originally emerged from clinical observations of chronicity and relapse, contemporary advances in genomics, immunology, and molecular pathology offer new frameworks to reinterpret miasmatic theory for modern medical discourse. This review explores the conceptual intersections between classical Homoeopathic miasms and current scientific models of chronic inflammatory disease, immune dysregulation, microbial persistence, and genomic susceptibilities. By synthesising historical philosophy with emerging biomedical research, the paper proposes a modern integrative interpretation of miasms as multi-layered expressions of genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, epigenetic modulation, and host–pathogen dynamics. This narrative aims to open constructive dialogue between Homoeopathy and contemporary life sciences, particularly regarding chronic disease patterns that continue to challenge global healthcare.