Introduction: Sleep disturbances are common among older adults and are linked to adverse health outcomes, including impaired functional ability, reduced quality of life, and increased healthcare utilisation. Age-related changes in sleep architecture, combined with comorbidities, polypharmacy, lifestyle behaviours, and psychosocial stressors, make the elderly particularly vulnerable to poor sleep. Despite this, sleep problems are often under-recognised in routine geriatric care. Evidence from India, especially from outpatient geriatric settings, remains limited, underscoring the need for region-specific data.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among adults aged ≥60 years attending the geriatric outpatient department in MGM Medical College during August–September 2025. Universal sampling was used. Data were collected using a structured proforma comprising socio-demographic details, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and factors potentially affecting sleep. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS v26.

Results: A total of 110 participants were included. Poor sleep quality was observed in the majority of the elders. Female sex was significantly associated with poor sleep, while age, comorbidities, and pain were not. Lifestyle and psychosocial factors—including alcohol intake, reduced physical activity, afternoon naps, late-night eating, watching television before bed, loneliness, and stress—showed strong associations with poor sleep quality.

Conclusion: Poor sleep quality is highly prevalent among older adults attending geriatric outpatient services and is strongly influenced by modifiable lifestyle and psychosocial factors. Routine sleep assessment and targeted behavioural and emotional health interventions may help improve sleep health in this population.