This article examines the concept of socialism in the philosophy of Swami Vivekananda and evaluates its relevance in modern India. Although Vivekananda was primarily known as a spiritual leader and philosopher, his teachings also contained strong social and humanitarian ideas. His concept of socialism differed from Marxist socialism because it was based on spirituality, morality, equality, and service to humanity rather than class conflict and violent revolution. Vivekananda emphasised the upliftment of the poor, mass education, women’s empowerment, the dignity of labour, and social justice. Through his philosophy of Practical Vedanta, he argued that service to mankind is the highest form of worship and that every individual possesses divine potential. The article further discusses his views on poverty, caste discrimination, national unity, and moral development. It also analyses the continuing relevance of his ideas in contemporary India, where social inequality, unemployment, educational challenges, and communal tensions remain significant issues. Vivekananda’s humanitarian and spiritual approach to socialism continues to inspire social reform, ethical leadership, and inclusive development in India. The article concludes that his philosophy provides valuable guidance for building a more just, compassionate, and harmonious society.