The Objective Structured Practical Examination (OSPE) is a widely recognized method for assessing practical skills in medical education. It provides objectivity, transparency, and uniformity in evaluation compared to traditional practical examinations, which are often influenced by examiner bias and variability. In Ayurveda, Rachana Shareera (Anatomy) is a foundational subject, and accurate assessment of learning is essential for developing clinical competency. This study was designed to evaluate the use of OSPE in Rachana Shareera and to compare its outcomes with conventional assessment methods. A prospective study was conducted among undergraduate Ayurveda students at Government Ayurveda College, Trivandrum, where OSPE stations were designed to assess identification of anatomical specimens, surface marking, interpretation of classical descriptions, and applied anatomy. Scores from OSPE were compared with those from conventional practical examinations, and feedback was collected from both students and faculty. The results demonstrated that OSPE provided a more structured and comprehensive assessment, with students perceiving it as fair and conducive to deeper learning. Faculty members highlighted reduced bias and greater reliability in evaluation. Thus, OSPE can be considered an effective and feasible method for assessing Rachana Shareera in Ayurveda education.