International Journal of Contemporary Research In Multidisciplinary, 2026;5(3):837-840
The Attitudes of Teacher Trainees toward Inclusive Classrooms in Himachal Pradesh
Author Name: Neelam Kumar; Dr. Anil Soni;
Abstract
This study investigates the attitudes of teacher trainees toward inclusive classrooms in Himachal Pradesh. Using a cross-sectional survey design, data were (simulated here for illustration) collected from 200 teacher trainees enrolled in B.Ed. and D. E l. E d. programmes across urban and rural teacher education institutions in the state. An attitudes scale (Likert, 24 items) measured cognitive, affective, and behavioural components of attitudes toward inclusion. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation were used to analyse the data. Results (illustrative) indicated generally positive attitudes (M = 3.72 on a 5-point scale), with significant differences by type of programme (B.Ed. vs. D. E l. E d.), practicum exposure, and prior inclusive experience. Implications emphasise improvements in pre-service training, extended practicum in inclusive settings, and policy support at the state level. Limitations and directions for further empirical study are discussed.
Keywords
Inclusive education, teacher trainees, attitudes, Himachal Pradesh, pre-service teacher education.